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Oliver North - Wikipedia

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Oliver NorthPresident of the National Rifle AssociationIn officeSeptember 2018 – April 29, 2019Preceded byPete BrownellSucceeded by means ofCarolyn D. MeadowsPersonal detailsBornOliver Laurence NorthOctober 7, 1943San Antonio, Texas, U.S.Political birthday celebrationRepublicanSpouse(s)Betsy Stuart (m. 1967)Children4EducationState University of New York, BrockportUnited States Naval Academy (BS)Military serviceAllegianceUnited States of AmericaDepartment/carrier United States Marine CorpsYears of service1968–1990Rank Lieutenant colonelUnit1st Battalion, third Marines (Vietnam)3rd Battalion, eighth Marines2nd Marine DivisionCommandsNorthern Training AreaBattles/warsVietnam WarAwards Silver Star Bronze Star with valor Purple Heart (2) Combat Action Ribbon Presidential Service Badge

Oliver Laurence North (born October 7, 1943) is an American political commentator, television host, military historian, writer, and retired United States Marine Corps lieutenant colonel.

A veteran of the Vietnam War, North was a National Security Council team of workers member during the Iran–Contra affair, a political scandal of the late 1980s. It concerned the unlawful sale of guns to the Khomeini regime of the Islamic Republic of Iran to encourage the discharge of American hostages then held in Lebanon. North formulated the second a part of the plan, which was to divert proceeds from the hands gross sales to strengthen the Contra rise up teams in Nicaragua, sales which have been specifically prohibited underneath the Boland Amendment. North was granted limited immunity from prosecution in trade for testifying before Congress concerning the scheme. He was to begin with convicted on 3 criminal fees, however the convictions have been vacated and reversed and all charges against him dismissed in 1991.

North unsuccessfully challenged for the U.S. Senate seat held by way of Chuck Robb from Virginia in 1994, receiving 43% of the vote. He then hosted a chat show on Radio America from 1995 to 2003, and hosted War Stories with Oliver North on Fox News from 2001 to 2016. In May 2018, North was elected as president of the National Rifle Association. On April 27, 2019, he resigned amidst a dispute with the group's leader executive Wayne LaPierre,[1] and was succeeded via Carolyn D. Meadows.[2]

Early existence

North was born in San Antonio, Texas, on October 7, 1943, the son of Ann Theresa (née Clancy) and Oliver Clay North, a U.S. Army primary.[3][4] He grew up in Philmont, New York, and graduated from Ockawamick Central High School in 1961. He attended the State University of New York at Brockport for two years.[5]

While at Brockport, North spent a summer season on the United States Marine Corps Platoon Leaders Class at Marine Corps Base Quantico in Virginia, and won an appointment to the United States Naval Academy in 1963. He received his commission as 2d lieutenant in 1968, having ignored a year because of severe back and leg injuries from an auto accident in which a classmate was killed.[6] One of North's classmates at the academy was long term secretary of the Navy and U.S. senator Jim Webb, whom he beat in a middleweight championship boxing fit at Annapolis.[7] (North had shown movies of this fit to Marine Medical Corps officials to turn out that he had totally recovered from his serious accident and may just bear the trials of midshipman training.[6]) Their graduating magnificence included Dennis C. Blair, Michael Mullen, Charles Bolden and Michael Hagee.

U.S. Marine Corps occupation

Vietnam

North served as a platoon commander all through the Vietnam War, where throughout his battle provider, he was awarded the Silver Star, Bronze Star Medal with Combat V, and two Purple Heart medals.[8] At the time of his being awarded the Silver Star, North was a platoon commander leading his Marines in Operation Virginia Ridge. North led a counter-assault against the People's Army of Vietnam, as his platoon took on heavy machine gun hearth and rocket propelled grenades. Throughout the struggle, North displayed "courage, dynamic leadership and unwavering devotion to duty in the face of grave personal danger".[9]

Post-Vietnam

In 1970, North returned to South Vietnam to testify as a personality witness at the trial of LCpl Randall Herrod, a U.S. Marine formerly below his command who, together with 4 others, have been charged with the homicide of sixteen Vietnamese civilians in the village of Son Thang.[10] North claims Herrod had up to now saved his life.[11] Herrod and one other Marine have been acquitted.[12]

North's post-Vietnam career integrated: instructor at the Marine Basic School from 1969 to 1974; director of the Northern Training Area in Okinawa, Japan (1973–1974); plans and coverage analyst with the manpower department at Headquarters Marine Corps from 1975 to 1978; and operations officer (S3) for 3rd Battalion, eighth Regiment, second Marine Division at Camp Lejeune (1978–80).[13] He graduated from the College of Naval Command and Staff on the Navy War College in 1981.[14]

National Security Council personnel

In 1981, North started his task to the National Security Council (NSC) staff in Washington, D.C., the place he served as a lobbyist from 1981 to 1983; and deputy director for political–army affairs[15] from 1983 till his reassignment in 1986. In 1983, North was promoted to lieutenant colonel.[16]

During his tenure at the NSC, North managed plenty of missions. This included main the search for those accountable for the 1983 Beirut barracks bombing that killed 299 American and French army group of workers, an effort that saw North arranging a mid-air interception of an EgyptAir jet sporting those liable for the Achille Lauro hijacking. While also at the NSC, he helped plan the U.S. invasion of Grenada and the 1986 bombing of Libya.[15]

During his Iran-Contra trial, North spent his ultimate two years on active accountability assigned to Headquarters Marine Corps in Arlington, Virginia. He submitted his request to retire from the Marine Corps effective May 1, 1988, following his indictment for conspiring to defraud the United States via channeling the income from US palms gross sales to the Contra rebels in Nicaragua.[17] After his trial and criminal convictions, all convictions were reversed on appeal.[18]

Military awards

North won the following military awards and decorations:[8][19][20][21]

Basic Parachutist Badge Silver Star Medal Bronze Star Medal with Combat V software Purple Heart Medal with one 5⁄16" Gold Star Defense Meritorious Service Medal Meritorious Service Medal Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal with Combat "V' device and two 5⁄16" Gold Stars Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal with one 5⁄16" Gold Star Combat Action Ribbon Navy Unit Commendation Navy Meritorious Unit Commendation with one 3⁄16" bronze big name National Defense Service Medal Vietnam Service Medal with one 3⁄16" silver star Sea Service Deployment Ribbon with one 3⁄16" bronze celebrity Navy and Marine Corps Overseas Service Ribbon Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with silver famous person Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation with palm and body Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal with 1960–instrument Marine Corps Expert Rifle Badge Marine Corps Expert Pistol Badge Presidential Service Badge

Iran–Contra affair

Main article: Iran–Contra affair See also: Nicaragua v. United States North's mugshot, taken on the day of his arrest

North got here into the public highlight because of his participation in the Iran–Contra affair, a political scandal all through the Reagan administration, in which he claimed partial duty for the sale of guns through intermediaries to Iran, with the income being channeled to the Contras in Nicaragua. It was alleged that he was responsible for the status quo of a covert community which therefore funneled those funds to the Contras. Congress handed the Boland Amendment (to the House Appropriations Bill of 1982 and following years),[22] which prohibited the appropriation of U.S. budget by means of intelligence agencies for the give a boost to of the Contras.

North solicited million from the Sultan of Brunei to skirt U.S. prohibitions on investment the Contras. However, he gave the mistaken number of the Swiss checking account meant to launder the money, and it went as a substitute to a Swiss businessman. A Senate committee investigating the transaction tracked it down so it could be returned to Brunei.[23]

In an August 23, 1986, e mail to National Security Advisor John Poindexter, North described a meeting with a consultant of Panamanian General Manuel Noriega: "You will recall that over the years Manuel Noriega in Panama and I have developed a fairly good relationship," North writes sooner than explaining Noriega's proposal. If U.S. officers can "help clean up his image" and raise the ban on hands sales to the Panamanian Defense Force, Noriega will "'take care of' the Sandinista leadership for us."[24][25]

North advised Poindexter that General Noriega may just lend a hand with sabotage against the ruling birthday celebration of Nicaragua, the Sandinista National Liberation Front. North supposedly prompt that Noriega be paid 1 million in money from Project Democracy price range raised from the sale of U.S. arms to Iran for the Panamanian chief's help in destroying Nicaraguan financial installations.[26]

In November 1986, as the sale of weapons was made public, North was disregarded via President Ronald Reagan. In an interview with Cigar Aficionado magazine, North said that on February 11, 1987, the FBI detected an attack on North's family[27] from the Peoples Committee for Libyan Students, with an order to kill North. Although executive officers later expressed skepticism of this claim,[28] and no fees for this alleged plot had been brought,[29] his circle of relatives was moved to Camp Lejeune in North Carolina and lived with federal brokers until North retired from the Marine Corps the next 12 months.[30][31]

In July 1987, North was summoned to testify prior to televised hearings of a joint congressional committee that was formed to investigate the Iran–Contra scandal. During the hearings, North admitted that he had misled Congress,[32] for which, together with different movements, he was later charged. He defended his actions by declaring that he believed in the purpose of aiding the Contras, whom he saw as freedom combatants in opposition to the Sandinistas and said that he seen the Iran–Contra scheme as a "neat idea."[33] North admitted shredding government documents related to these actions at William Casey's advice when the Iran–Contra scandal became public. He also testified that Robert McFarlane had asked him to change legit data to delete references to direct assistance to the Contras and that he had helped.[34]

North was indicted in March 1988 on 16 felony counts.[35] His trial opened in February 1989,[36][37] and on May 4, 1989, he was to start with convicted of three: accepting an unlawful gratuity, helping and abetting in the obstruction of a congressional inquiry, and ordering the destruction of paperwork via his secretary, Fawn Hall. He was sentenced via U.S. District Judge Gerhard Gesell on July 5, 1989, to a three-year suspended jail term, two years probation, 0,000 in fines, and 1,200 hours of neighborhood provider.[38] North performed a few of his community carrier inside of Potomac Gardens, a public housing challenge in southeast Washington, DC.[39] However, on July 20, 1990, with the help of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU),[40] North's convictions were vacated, after the appeals court found that witnesses in his trial may had been impermissibly suffering from his immunized congressional testimony.[41]

The particular person individuals of the prosecution team had remoted themselves from information experiences and dialogue of North's testimony, and whilst the defense may just display no specific example in which North's congressional testimony was used in his trial, the Court of Appeals ruled that the trial pass judgement on had made an inadequate exam of the problem. Consequently, North's convictions had been reversed. After further hearings at the immunity issue, Judge Gesell dismissed all fees towards North on September 16, 1991.[42]

Later life

Oliver North in April 2002, autographing one in all his books for a U.S. Marine Staff Sergeant.

Politics

In the 1994 election, North unsuccessfully ran for the United States Senate because the Republican Party candidate in Virginia. Republican senator John Warner of Virginia endorsed Marshall Coleman, a Republican who ran as an independent, as an alternative of North. North lost, garnering Forty three % of votes, whilst incumbent Democrat Charles Robb,[43] a son-in-law of President Lyndon B. Johnson, received reelection with 46 p.c. Coleman received 11 percent. North's candidacy was documented in the 1996 movie A Perfect Candidate.[33]

Oliver North in 2005, pictured with Clinton Township, Franklin County, Ohio Assistant Fire Chief John Harris and Lieutenant Douglas Brown, at a public speaking event.

In his failed bid to unseat Robb, North raised .Three million in a unmarried 12 months through nationwide direct-mail solicitations, telemarketing, fundraising events, and contributions from main donors. About $Sixteen million of that quantity was from unsolicited mail on my own. This was the most important accumulation of direct-mail budget for a statewide marketing campaign to that date, and it made North the highest direct-mail political fundraiser in the country in 1994.[44]

Freedom Alliance

In 1990, North founded the Freedom Alliance, a 501(c)(3) basis "to advance the American heritage of freedom by honoring and encouraging military service, defending the sovereignty of the United States, and promoting a strong national defense." The foundation's primary actions come with providing toughen for wounded battle infantrymen and providing scholarships for the kids of carrier participants killed in motion.[45]

Beginning in 2003, Sean Hannity has raised over million for the Freedom Alliance Scholarship Fund via Freedom Concerts and donations from The Sean Hannity Show and its listeners. The charity has been criticized by means of conservative blogger Debbie Schlussel for distributing too little of its price range for charitable functions.[46] Hannity, North, and other charity spokespersons say that all the "net" proceeds from the Freedom Concerts are donated to the fund.[47]

National Rifle Association

On May 7, 2018, the National Rifle Association (NRA) announced that North would transform the organization's next president throughout the following weeks.[48][49] He succeeded Pete Brownell, the incumbent. North is a board member in the NRA and seemed at NRA national conventions in 2007[50] and 2008.[51]

North began his time period as president in September 2018.[52]

In April 2019, in the midst of a wide-ranging dispute involving the NRA's leader govt Wayne LaPierre, the NRA's advertising company Ackerman McQueen, and the NRA's regulation firm Brewer Attorneys & Counselors,[53] North introduced that he would not serve a 2d term as president,[54][55] ostensibly towards his needs.[56] On April 24, 2019, North asked LaPierre to renounce.[53][57] On April 16, 2019, North and NRA first vp Richard Childress wrote to the chairman of the NRA audit committee and the NRA's secretary and common recommend calling for an unbiased audit of the billing from the NRA's legislation company, Brewer Attorneys & Counselors.[58][59][60] In an April 24, 2019 letter to the manager committee of the NRA board, North mentioned that he was forming a committee to analyze alleged financial improprieties, allegations which he said threatened the NRA's non-profit status.[58] In an April 25, 2019 letter to the NRA board, LaPierre said that North was threatening to free up destructive details about him.[55] On April 27, 2019, in a letter learn on his behalf on the NRA's annual conference in Indianapolis, Indiana, North announced he would now not serve a second time period.[57] North's term ended on April 29, 2019, when he was replaced by way of Carolyn D. Meadows.[61] On May 3, 2019, Senators Ron Wyden of Oregon, Sheldon Whitehouse of Rhode Island, and Bob Menendez of New Jersey, participants of the Senate Finance Committee, wrote to North, LaPierre, and the NRA's advertising company Ackerman McQueen requesting copies of the letters to the NRA board by North and LaPierre, looking for documents related to the allegations, and directing information preservation.[62][63]

Books and media

Nonfiction Under Fire:An American Story, co-author William Novak, Zondervan, January 1, 1991, ISBN 978-0060183349 One More Mission:Oliver North Returns to Vietnam, co-author David Roth,Zondervan, January 1, 1993, ISBN 978-0310404903 War Stories:Operation Iraqi Freedom, Regnery History, November 1, 2003, ISBN 978-0895260635 War Stories II:Heroism in the Pacific, Regnery History, October 1,2004, ISBN 978-0895261090 War Stories III:The Heros Who Defeated Hitler, Regnery History, November 11, 2005, ISBN 978-0895260147 American Hero's:In the Fight Against Radical Islam, Broadman & Holman Publishing, May 1, 2008, ISBN 978-0805447118 American Hero's:In Special Operations, Fidelis Books, November 1, 2010, ISBN 978-0805447125 American Hero's:On the Homefront, Threshold Editions, November 5, 2013, ISBN 978-1476714325 Veterans' Lament:Is This the America Our Hero's Fought For, co-author David Goetsch, Fidelis Books, October 6, 2020, ISBN 978-1642935011Fiction Mission Compromised:A Novel, co -author Joe Musser, Broadman & Holman Publishers, September 2, 2002, ISBN 978-0805425505 The Jericho Sanction:A Novel, co-author Joe Musser, Broadman & Holman Publishers, August 1, 2003, ISBN 978-0805425512 The Assassins:A Novel, co-author Joe Musser, Broadman & Holman Publishers, October 1, 2005, ISBN 978-0805425529 Heroes Proved:A Novel, Threshold Editions, November 20, 2012, ISBN 978-1476706313 Counterfeit Lies:A Novel, co-author Bob Hamer, Threshold Editions, June 10, 2014, ISBN 978-1476714356 The Rifleman, Fidelis Books, December 10, 2019, ISBN 978-1642933147Film and Television North filming a scene of War Stories with Oliver North at Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico, 2010

In 1991, North gave the impression on the first season of The Jerry Springer Show. From 1995 to 2003, he was host of his personal nationally syndicated radio program on Radio America referred to as the Oliver North Radio Show or Common Sense Radio. He additionally served as co-host of Equal Time on MSNBC for a few years beginning in 1999. North was the host of the tv show War Stories with Oliver North from 2001 to 2016 and is a standard commentator on Hannity, both on the Fox News Channel.[64] North gave the impression as himself on many tv shows, together with the sitcom Wings in 1991, and 3 episodes of the TV military drama JAG in 1995, 1996, and 2002 as "Ollie", a close buddy of the deceased father of Tracey Needham's personality Meg Austin.[65]

In addition, he frequently speaks at each private and non-private events. North seems in an episode of Auction Kings to have his Marine Corps sword returned after it was lost and possibly stolen in 1980. North was credited as a military advisor in the 2012 video game Call of Duty: Black Ops II and voiced himself in one degree of the game.[66] In Season 4, Episode 15 Stanny Slickers II: The Legend of Ollie's Gold of the TV series American Dad! Stan Smith searches underneath his house for Oliver North's hidden gold. In 2014, he gained story credit score for an episode of the TV sequence The Americans where the protagonist Soviet spies infiltrate a Contra training base in the United States.[67]

Personal existence

In 1967, North married Betsy Stuart; they have four kids.[68] Although raised in the Roman Catholic faith of his mother, North has lengthy attended Protestant or evangelical services and products together with his wife and youngsters.[69] The Norths reside in McLean, Virginia.[70]

References

^ politico.com: NRA proclaims North's resignation on-stage as 'crisis' hits gun lobby ^ Sherfinski, David. "Carolyn Meadows to replace Oliver North as new NRA president". The Washington Times. Retrieved April 29, 2019. ^ North, Oliver; Novak, William (1991). Under fire: an American tale – Oliver North, William Novak. ISBN 978-0060183349. Retrieved October 16, 2012. ^ "Obituaries". Los Angeles Times. October 20, 1999. ^ "Oliver North site". Oliver North. Retrieved January 20, 2016. ^ a b "The Puzzle Of Oliver North". ^ "Top 10 Most Athletic Democrats – #10 Jim Webb". RealClearSports.com. Retrieved January 20, 2016. ^ a b Cushman Jr., John H. (July 7, 1987). "Washington Talk; 5 Young Lawyers Who Would Be Heroes... And A Marine Who Wears a Hero's Ribbons". The New York Times. Retrieved June 23, 2011. ^ "Veteran Tributes". Veterantributes.org. Retrieved January 20, 2016. ^ "Did Military Justice Fail or Prevail?" Duke University Law Center on Law, Ethics, and National Security reprinted from Michigan Law Review, 1998 ^ "The Man Who Did Too Much – Vol. 28 No. 2". July 13, 1987. ^ "Book Review: Son Thang: An American War Crime 1". litigation-essentials.lexisnexis.com. ^ Gareffa, Peter M.; Evory, Ann (1988). Newsmakers. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Publishing. pp. 266–267. ISBN 9780810322035. ^ Gerstenzang, James (November 26, 1986). "The Crisis in the White House: The Key Players; Lt. Col. Oliver L. North, A Passion for the Fight Against Communism". Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, CA. ^ a b Greenwald, John; Beckwith, David; Halevy, David (November 17, 1986). "Washington's Cowboys". Time. Retrieved June 23, 2011. ^ "Oliver North profile". Speaker Line-Up 2002. The Bakersfield Business Conference. Archived from the unique on August 6, 2007. Retrieved December 23, 2008. ^ "North Quits Marines". The New York Times. March 19, 1988. Retrieved December 21, 2012. ^ Johnson, Haynes; Thompson, Tracy (September 17, 1991). "NORTH CHARGES DISMISSED AT REQUEST OF PROSECUTOR". Washington Post. Retrieved January 10, 2020. ^ Profile, valor.militarytimes.com; accessed January 31, 2016. ^ Profile, biography.com; accessed January 31, 2016. ^ Oliver North honored by American Legion, legion.org; accessed January 31, 2016. ^ Webb, Gary (1999). Dark Alliance. Seven Stories Press. p. 206. ISBN 978-1888363937. ^ Butterfield, Fox (May 13, 1987). "NORTH'S million Mistake: Sultan's gift lost in a mixup". The New York Times. Retrieved May 8, 2018. ^ Cockburn, Alexander; St. Clair, Jeffrey (1998). Whiteout: the CIA, medicine, and the clicking. Verso. p. 287. ISBN 1859841392. Retrieved November 30, 2010. ^ North American Congress on Latin America (1993). NACLA record at the Americas. 27. California: NACLA. p. 31. Retrieved November 30, 2010. ^ "The Oliver North File". National Security Archive. Retrieved June 23, 2011. ^ "An Exclusive Interview with Oliver North". Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved June 6, 2014. ^ Murphy, Caryle; Evans, Sandra (July 22, 1988). "D.C. TRAVEL AGENT DENIES HE HAD ROLE IN ALLEGED PLOT TO KILL COL. NORTH". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 30, 2019. ^ "The Libyan Travel Bureau: Oliver North was its target -- but then maybe not". TIME Magazine. Vol. 132 no. 5. August 1, 1988. Retrieved October 30, 2019. ^ North, Oliver. "Hugh Hewitt Show" (Interview). Interviewed by means of Hugh Hewitt. ^ Shenon, Philip (July 21, 1988). "Eight Men Are Charged With Pro-Libya Actions". The New York Times. Retrieved June 6, 2014. ^ Rosenberg, Eli (May 8, 2018). "'Olliemania': The stage-worthy scandal that starred Oliver North as a congressional witness". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 28, 2019. ^ a b A Perfect Candidate at IMDb. Retrieved June 23, 2011 ^ "Hostile Witnesses". The Washington Post. August 19, 1998. p. 3. Retrieved June 23, 2011. ^ Shenon, Philip (March 17, 1988). "North, Poindexter and 2 Others Indicted on Iran–Contra Fraud and Theft Charges". The New York Times (National ed.). p. A00001. Retrieved December 29, 2018. ^ Saker, Anne (February 21, 1989). "Oliver North's 'time for judgment' arrived Tuesday with the..." UPI. Retrieved September 28, 2019. ^ Johnston, David (February 22, 1989). "North Trial Opens After Long Delay". The New York Times. Retrieved September 28, 2019. ^ "1989: Irangate colonel avoids prison". BBC On This Day. July 5, 1989. Retrieved July 3, 2020. ^ Crawford, Craig. "One Avenue, Two Faces: White House, Crack House". Archived from the unique on December 13, 2013. ^ Shenon, Philip (July 21, 1988). "Civil Liberties Union Asks Court To Quash Iran-Contra Indictment". The New York Times. Retrieved May 7, 2018. ^ "Walsh Iran/Contra Report – Chapter 2 United States v. Oliver L. North". Fas.org. Retrieved June 23, 2011. ^ "Walsh Iran/Contra Report – Chapter 2 United States v. Oliver L. North". Fas.org. Retrieved October 21, 2016..Quote: "In two days of remand hearings, [Robert C.] McFarlane testified that his trial testimony was 'colored' by, and that he was deeply affected by, North's immunized congressional testimony. Independent Counsel then consented to dismiss the remaining counts of the indictment.... Order, North (D.D.C. Sept. 16, 1991) (dismissing Counts Six, Nine, and Ten of Indictment, with prejudice)." ^ "Statistics Of The Congressional Election Of November 8, 1994". Clerk.house.gov. Retrieved June 23, 2011. ^ "Ollie, Inc.: how Oliver North raised over million in a losing U.S. Senate race". Archived from the original on May 8, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2007. ^ "About Freedom Alliance". Freedom Alliance. Retrieved June 16, 2016. ^ Watts Jr., James D. (August 19, 2010). "A concert with an attitude: Sean Hannity's benefit show isn't without controversy". McClatchy – Tribune Business News. Washington. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on January 10, 2016. Retrieved November 18, 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as identify (hyperlink) CS1 maint: bot: original URL standing unknown (hyperlink) ^ Shesgreen, Deirdre (May 7, 2018). "Oliver North poised to become next National Rifle Association president". USA TODAY. ^ "Lt. Colonel Oliver North Poised to Become NRA President". NRA.org. National Rifle Association. Retrieved May 11, 2018. ^ "Bolton, Oliver North among speakers at NRA conferences". Showmenews.com. Archived from the unique on August 14, 2007. Retrieved June 23, 2011. ^ "NRA's Annual Meetings & Exhibits 2008: A Celebration of American Values". NRA Institute for Legislative Action. April 17, 2008. ^ Mak, Tim (April 27, 2019). "Oliver North Says He Will Not Seek A 2nd Term As NRA President". NPR. Retrieved April 27, 2019. ^ a b Hakim, Danny (April 26, 2019). "Insurgents Seek to Oust Wayne LaPierre in N.R.A. Power Struggle". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 27, 2019. ^ Hakim, Danny; Mele, Christopher (April 27, 2019). "Oliver North Says He Will Not Serve Another Term as N.R.A. President". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 27, 2019. ^ a b "Oliver North will not serve second term as NRA president amid bitter infighting at gun rights group". CNBC. Associated Press. April 27, 2019. Retrieved May 31, 2019. ^ Maremont, Mark (April 27, 2019). "Oliver North Won't Return as NRA President". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved April 27, 2019. ^ a b Hakim, Danny (April 27, 2019). "N.R.A. President to Step Down as New York Attorney General Investigates". The New York Times. Retrieved May 30, 2019. ^ a b Maremont, Mark (May 11, 2019). "Leaked Letters Reveal Details of NRA Chief's Alleged Spending". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved June 12, 2019. ^ Woodruff, Betsy (May 11, 2019). "Leaked Documents: NRA Racked Up Million in Legal Bills". The Daily Beast. Retrieved June 12, 2019. ^ Gutowski, Stephen (May 14, 2019). "Allen West Calls for Wayne LaPierre Resignation in Wake of Leaked NRA Memos; NRA Leadership Fires Back". The Washington Free Beacon. Retrieved June 12, 2019. ^ Hakim, Danny (April 29, 2019). "Wayne LaPierre Prevails in Fierce Battle for the N.R.A." The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 30, 2019. ^ Zezima, Katie (May 2, 2019). "Senate Democrats ask NRA execs, PR firm for documents related to alleged self-dealing". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 31, 2019. ^ Touchberry, Ramsey (May 3, 2019). "Senate Democrats Probe NRA After Ex-President Oliver North Alleged Financial Wrongdoing". Newsweek. Retrieved May 31, 2019. ^ "War Stories | Oliver North". Fox News. Retrieved October 16, 2012. ^ Oliver North at IMDb ^ Totilo, Stephen (May 24, 2012). "Call of Duty Creators Say Oliver North Helped Make Their Game More Authentic". Kotaku. Gizmodo Media Group. Retrieved June 8, 2019. ^ Itzkoff, Dave (April 15, 2014). "Oliver North, Now in the Service of TV's K.G.B." The New York Times. ^ "Oliver North profile". U-s-history.com. Retrieved October 16, 2012. ^ "London Review of Books: Robert Fisk writes about Oliver North's contributions to the ordeal of the Middle East". London Review of Books. October 27, 1988. pp. 5–6. Retrieved June 23, 2011. ^ Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North Speaking to Reporters from Limousine Pictures | Getty Images Retrieved 2018-05-08.

External hyperlinks

Oliver Northat Wikipedia's sister tasksMedia from Wikimedia CommonsQuotations from WikiquoteData from Wikidata Official website online Oliver North at IMDb checklist of Oliver North's television appearances Freedom Alliance Oliver North Features at Creators Syndicate "The Oliver North File". The National Security Archive/George Washington University. C-SPAN Sen. Inouye Remarks to Oliver North on Military Ethics and Iran-Contra Transcript, Audio, Video of North's Opening Statement During the Iran Contra Hearings from AmericanRhetoric.com Appearances on C-SPANParty political places of work Preceded byMaurice Dawkins Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Virginia(Class 1)1994 Succeeded viaGeorge Allen Non-profit organization positions Preceded viaCarolyn D. Meadows President of the National Rifle Association2018–2019 Succeeded byCarolyn D. Meadows vteNational Rifle AssociationPresidents Ambrose Burnside (1871–1872) William Conant Church (1872–1875) Alexander Shaler (1875–1877) Winfield S. Hancock (1881) Ulysses S. Grant (1883–1884) Philip Sheridan (1885) George Wood Wingate (1886–1900) William Libbey (1916–1921) Smith W. Brookhart (1921–1925; 1925–1926) Francis E. Warren (1925) Patrick J. Hurley (1929) Benedict Crowell (1930–1931) Karl Frederick (1934) Littleton W. T. Waller Jr. (1939) Emmett Swanson (1948–1949) Merritt A. Edson (1949–1950) Morton C. Mumma (1955) Harlon Carter (1965–1967) Lloyd M. Mustin (1977–1978) Howard W. Pollock (1983–1985) Joe Foss (1988–1990) Robert Ok. Corbin (1992–1993) Marion Hammer (1995–1998) Charlton Heston (1998–2003) Sandra Froman (2005–2007) John C. Sigler (2007–2009) Ron Schmeits (2009–2011) David Keene (2011–2013) James W. Porter II (2013–2015) Pete Brownell (2017–2018) Oliver North (2018–2019) Carolyn D. Meadows (2018; 2019–present)Executive vice presidents Milton Reckord (1934) Franklin Orth (1959–1970) Maxwell Rich (1970–1977) Harlon Carter (1977–1985) J. Warren Cassidy (1986–1991) Wayne LaPierre (1991–provide)See also NRA Foundation Camp Perry Eddie Eagle Institute for Legislative Action Great American Outdoor Show vteFox News anchors and correspondentsAnchors Julie Banderas Shannon Bream Bill Hemmer Jillian Mele Arthel Neville Uma Pemmaraju Todd Piro Jon Scott Eric Shawn Sandra SmithHosts Bret Baier Maria Bartiromo Tucker Carlson Neil Cavuto Steve Doocy Ainsley Earhardt Harris Faulkner Melissa Francis Greg Gutfeld Howard Kurtz Sean Hannity Pete Hegseth Steve Hilton Laura Ingraham Griff Jenkins Brian Kilmeade Mark Levin Martha MacCallum Dana Perino Jeanine Pirro Chris Stirewalt Chris Wallace Jesse Watters Juan WilliamsCorrespondentsand newshounds Kevin Corke Claudia Cowan Peter Doocy Mike Emanuel Kristin Fisher Lea Gabrielle Trace Gallagher Lauren Green Jennifer Griffin Steve Harrigan Aishah Hasnie Molly Henneberg Laura Ingle Phil Keating Douglas Kennedy Rick Leventhal Molly Line Bryan Llenas Doug McKelway Marianne Rafferty John Roberts Jonathan Serrie Carley Shimkus Casey Stegall Chris Stirewalt Kayleigh McEnanyContributorsand analysts Mike Baker Tammy Bruce Capri Cafaro Rachel Campos-Duffy Emily Compagno Michelle Fields Tomi Lahren Charles Lane John "Bradshaw" Layfield Rich Lowry Leslie Marshall Judith Miller Arnon Mishkin Jonathan Morris Andrew Napolitano Katie Pavlich Geraldo Rivera Karl Rove Marc Siegel Jessica Tarlov Katherine Timpf Tyrus Byron YorkMeteorologists Janice Dean Rick Reichmuth Authority regulate GND: 120313154 ISNI: 0000 0001 2221 6265 LCCN: n86008183 NTA: 073937576 SNAC: w6np59ww VIAF: 139135095 WorldCat Identities: lccn-n86008183 Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oliver_North&oldid=1014671931"